简介：Oxidativestressplaysanessentialroleinregulatinggrowthanddeathofcardiacmyocytes.ClassⅡhistonedeacetylases（cⅡ-HDACs）arelocalizedprimarilyinthenucleusinunstimulatedcardiacmyocytesandnegativelyregulatecardiachypertrophybyinteractingwithpro-hypertrophictranscriptionfactors,includingmyocyteenhancerfactor2（MEF2）,calmodulin-bindingtranscriptionactivator（CAMTA）,andnuclearfactoractivatedTcells（NFATs）.NuclearlocalizationofcII-HDACsisregulatednotonlybyphosphorylationbutalsothroughoxidationofconservedcysteineresidues（Agoetal2007）,suggestingthatposttranslationalmodulationplaysanimportantroleinmediatingpathologicalcardiachypertrophyandheartfailure.Inthispresentation,Iwilldiscusshowreactiveoxygenspecies（ROS）areproducedintheheartunderstressandhowROSregulatethesubcellularlocalizationofcII-HDACs,therebycausingpathologicalhypertrophy.TheNADPHoxidasefamilyisagroupoftransmembraneproteinsproducingsuperoxideandhydrogenperoxide.Nox4islocalizedprimarilyinmitochondria,endoplasmicreticulum,andnucleus,whoseexpressionisupregulatedbypressureoverloadandheartfailure.Nox4playsanessentialroleinmediatingincreasesinROSinthefailingheart.IncreasedoxidativestressinducesoxidationofcysteineresidesincⅡ-HDACs,suchasC667andC669inHDAC4,whichinturncausesnuclearexitofcⅡ-HDACs.ThecⅡ-HDACsarefurtherphospho-rylatedbytheHDACkinases,includingCa2+calmodulinkinaseandPKD,leadingtoprolongedcytoplasmiclocalizationofcⅡ-HDACsandconsequentcardiachypertrophy.Thioredoxin1（Trx1）,ananti-oxidant,reducesthecriticalcysteineresiduesincⅡ-HDACs,therebyrestoringthenuclearlocalizationofcⅡ-HDACsandinhibitingpathologicalhypertrophy.DownregulationofNox4enhancesnuclearlocalizationofHDAC4,therebyinhibitingcardiachypertrophy,suggestingthatendogenousNox4mediatesoxidationofHDAC4.Insummary,oxidatives

简介：Generally,ROSareregardedashostdefensemoleculesthatarereleasedbyneutrophilstodestroyexogenouspathogenssuchasbacteriaandtoactassecondarymessengersinsignaltransduction.However,increasedproductionofROSisalsoinvolvedininducingpathophysiologicalchangessuchasapoptosis,cellcycledisruption,andnecrosis.Forthisreason,inductionofROS-mediateddamageincancercellsbypharmacologicalagentsthateitherpromoteROSgenerationordisablethecellularantioxidantsystemisconsideredapotentialtherapeuticstrategyforpreferentiallykillingcancercells[1].

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简介：Inthispaper,carbonmicrospherepreparedbyhydrothermaltreatmentwasactivatedbyKHCO3athightemperature,andemployedasthecatalystforVO2+/VO2+redoxreactionforvanadiumredoxflowbattery(VRFB).CarbonmicrospherecanbeetchedbyKHCO3duetothereactionbetweenthepyrolysisproductsofKHCO3andcarbonatoms.Moreover,KHCO3activationcanbringmanyoxygenfunctionalgroupsoncarbonmicrosphere,furtherimprovingthewettabilityofcatalystandincreasingtheactivesites.Theelectrocatalyticpropertiesofcarbonmicrospherefromhydrothermaltreatmentareimprovedbyhightemperaturecarbonization,andcanfurtherbeenhancedbyKHCO3activation.Amongcarbonmicrospheresamples,theVO2+/VO2+redoxreactionexhibitsthehighestelectrochemicalkineticsonKHCO3activatedsample.ThecellusingKHCO3activatedcarbonmicrosphereasthepositivecatalystdemonstrateshigherenergyefficiencyandlargerdischargecapacity,especiallyathighcurrentdensity.TheresultsrevealthatKHCO3activatedcarbonmicrosphereisanefficient,low-costcarbon-basedcatalystforVO2+/VO2+redoxreactionforVRFBsystem.

简介：Animidazolemodifiedsilverelectrodeispreparedbyimmersingthesubstratesilverelectrodeina2%imidazolesolutionofethanolat50℃for10min.Themodifiedelectrodeisthensweptinacytochromecsolutionandthemodifiedlayertakesoffbecausethemodifiedelectrodeisveryunstable.Althoughtheamountofthesilver-imidazolecomplexisverysmallcomparedwiththeamountofcytochromecintheproteinsolution,itgreatlyfacilitatesredoxreactionsinvolvingthebiomacromolecules.

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简介：Conventionalchloromethylation,paraformaldehyde/hydrogenchlorideinaceticacidmedium,wasappliedto1,2-dimethoxybenzene.Chloroform-solublepoly(3,4-dimethoxy-o-tolylene)wasobtainedwithanintrinsicviscosityof0.034dLg~(-1).ThepolymerwasevaluatedasacondensationredoxpolymerprecursorformedbyaFriedel-Craftsreaction.Cleavageofthemethoxygroupspresentinthispolymerresultedinpoly(3,4-dihydroxy-o-tolylene)whichmanifestedagreatair-oxidationresistance.Theredoxpropertyofthelatterpolymerwasfoundtobe1017mVbypotentiometrictitrationwith0.05Ncericammoniumnitrateat25℃.Thismidpotentialwascomparedtothatofcatechol,amonomericanalogue,underthesametitrationconditions.

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简介：Carbonclothmodifiedbyhydrothermaltreatmentinammoniawaterisdevelopedasthepositiveelectrodewithhighelectrochemicalperformanceforvanadiumredoxflowbatteries.TheSEMshowsthatthetreatmenthasnoobviousinfluenceonthemorphologyofcarboncloth.XPSmeasurementsindicatethatthenitrogenousfunctionalgroupscanbeintroducedonthesurfaceofcarbonclothsuccessfully.TheelectrochemicalperformanceofV（IV）/V（V）redoxcoupleonthepreparedelectrodeisevaluatedwithcyclicvoltammetryandlinearsweepvoltammetrymeasurements.TheN-dopedcarbonclothexhibitsoutstandingelectrochemicalactivityandreversibilitytowardV（IV）/V（V）redoxcouple.TherateconstantofV（IV）/V（V）redoxreactiononcarbonclothcanincreaseto2.27×10-4cm/sfrom1.47×10-4cm/safternitrogendoping.ThecellusingN-dopedcarbonclothaspositiveelectrodehaslargerdischargecapacityandhigherenergyefficiencycomparedwiththecellusingpristinecarboncloth.TheaverageenergyefficiencyofthecellusingN-dopedcarbonclothfor50cyclesat30mA/cm2is87.8%,4.3%largerthanthatofthecellusingpristinecarboncloth.ItindicatesthattheN-dopedcarbonclothhasapromiseapplicationprospectinvanadiumredoxflowbatteries.

简介：OrganicchelatingreagentinfluencesupontheredoxadsorptionofactivatedcarbonfibertowardsAu3-weresystematicallyinvestigated.TheexperimentalresultsindicatedthatthepresenceoforganicchelatingreagentonactivatedcarbonfiberstronglyaffectsadsorptioncapacityofactivatedcarbonfibertowardsAu3+.Thereduction-adsorptionamountofAu3+increasedthreetimesbythepresenceof8-quinolinol.Furthermore,Thereduction-adsorptionamountofAu3+dependedonthepHvalueofadsorptionandtemperature.

简介：摘要：广泛有机物(OM)富有的外形(黑页岩)在Yangtze区域发生在Ordo志留纪边界继任，华南。为了在Ordo志留纪期间调查Yangtze海的氧化还原作用变化，转移，二OM节(在在Zhangjiajie的Yichang，湖北省，和Sanjiaguan的Wangjiawan，湖南省)跨骑Ordo志留纪边界被学习。在这研究完成的大小包括总数的内容Fe的器官的碳(TOC)，黄铁矿硫，和不同种类，包括dithionite可引出的Fe(喂)，黄铁矿Fe(FeP)，HCI可引出的Fe(FeH)，和全部的Fe(FeT)在黑页岩，象另外的氧化还原作用代理一样，例如S/C比率，在高度反应的Fe之间的比率(FeHR=喂了+FeP)并且FeT，和Fep/(FeP+FeH)比率，作为pyritization(DOP)的度知道。在Wangjiawan节，中间的Ashgill沉积有高FeHR/FeT比率(0.20-0.77；avg。0.45)，高DOP价值(0.21-0.72；avg。0.54)，并且器官的碳内容的一个相对经常的硫内容独立人士。由对比，中间早，Hirnantian存款通常有低FeHR/FeT比率(0.10-0.35；avg。0.21)，低DOP价值(0.11-0.40；avg。0.28)，并且S/C价值在正常海洋的价值上正在聚类(S/C=0.36)。迟了的Hirnantian和早Rhuddanian存款，类似于那些中间的Ashgill存款，被高FeHR/FeT比率描绘(0.32-0.49；avg。0.41)，高DOP价值(0.46-0.68；avg。0.53)并且相当经常的硫内容。这些数据在间隔期间在Yangtze海架上建议海洋的血缺氧的出现中间的Ashgill，迟了的Hirnantian和早Rhuddanian，和通气并且氧化的水兵调节在期间中间早Hirnantian时间。中间早，Hirnantian通气了事件是有全球冰川的经期的伴随物，多半在架海床之上源于glacio海面升降的海平面的秋天和冷、稠密的氧化的水的随后的循环。因此，突然的变化从从迟了的Hirnantian氧化了到缺氧的海洋的水，早Rhuddanian从海面升降的海水平的冰期后的上升被结果。在subemergent高地附

简介：Emodin(1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone)couldenhancethesensitivityoftumorcellstoarsenictrioxide(As2O3)-inducedapoptosisviagenerationofROS,butthemolecularmechanismhasnotbeenelucidated.Here,wecarriedoutcDNAmicroarray-basedglobaltranscriptionprofilingofHeLacellsinresponsetoAs2O3/emodincotreatment,comparingwithAs2O3-onlytreatment.Theresultsshowedthattheexpressionofanumberofgeneswassubstantiallyalteredattwotimepoints.Thesegenesareinvolvedindifferentaspectsofcellfunction.Inadditiontoredoxregulationandapoptosis,ROSaffectgenesencodingproteinsassociatedwithcellsignaling,organellefunctions,cellcycle,cytoskeleton,etc.ThesedatasuggestthatbasedonthecytotoxicityofAs2O3,emodinmobilizeeverygenomicresourcethroughwhichtheAs2O3-inducedapoptosisisfacilitated.

简介：这研究的目的是在老鼠模型在肝移植以后在早时期(24h)观察在接枝的损害和氧化还原作用factor-1(Ref-1)的表示之间的关系。150只成年男威斯特老鼠随机包括肝被划分成三个组移植组，假冒的外科组和未经治疗的控制组。在肝移植以后，动物在不同时间点被牺牲，并且Ref-1的表示的变化和意义然后被immunohistochemistry，血清学和组织病理学说探索。作为与假冒的外科组和未经治疗的控制组相比，Ref-1蛋白质在的表示移植组在在肝移植以后的早时期是更强壮的。与病理分析，大量渗透的发炎房间在门静脉附近被发现。肝的纸巾是损害。然而，在假冒的外科的损害和未经治疗的控制组是比较地细微的。浆液中高音和著名计算机生产厂商层次在6-12h到达了山峰，并且在12h以后显著地减少了。这些数据建议在在移植以后的更早的时期的肝损害的度在6h达到顶点然后减少。并且Ref-1蛋白质由肝的ischemic灌注损害导致了可能在修理损害起一个关键作用。

简介：Asglobaltemperaturesincreaseanddissolvedoxygen(DO)contentdecreasesinmarinesystems,indicesassessingsedimentDOcontentinbenthichabitatsarebecomingincreasinglyuseful.Onesuchmeasureisthedepthtotheapparentredoxpotentialdiscontinuity(aRPD),atransitionofsedimentcolorthatservesasarelativemeasureofsedimentDOcontent.WeexaminedspatiotemporalvariationofaRPDdepth,andthenatureoftherelationshipsbetweenaRPDdepthandbiotic(infaunaandepibenthicpredators)andabioticvariables(sedimentproperties),aswellastheavailabilityofresources(chlorophyllaconcentration,andorganicmattercontent)intheintertidalmudflatsoftheBayofFundy,Canada.aRPDdepthvariedsignificantlythroughspaceandtime,andacombinationofbiotic(sessileanderrantinfauna,aswellasepibenthicpredators),andabiotic(exposuretimeofaplot,sedimentparticlesize,penetrability,andwatercontent)variables,aswellastheavailabilityofresources(sedimentorganicmattercontent,andchlorophyllaconcentration)werecorrelatedwithaRPDdepth.Assuch,knowledgeofbothbioticandabioticvariablesarerequiredforaholisticunderstandingofsedimentDOconditions.AbioticvariableslikelydictateasuiteofpotentialaRPDdepthconditions,whilebiotaandresourceavailability,viabioturbationandrespiration,stronglyinfluencetheobservedaRPDdepth.AsDOconditionsinmarinesystemswillcontinuetochangeduetoglobalclimatechange,elucidatingtheserelationshipsareakeyfirststepinpredictingtheinfluencedecreasingDOcontentmayhaveuponmarinebenthos.&2017InternationalResearchandTrainingCentreonErosionandSedimentation/theWorldAssociationforSedimentationandErosionResearch.PublishedbyElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.