简介：Genomicinsituhybridization(GISH)isapowerfultooltocharacterizeparentalchromosomesininterspecifichybrids,includingthebehaviourofautosynapsisandchromosomepairing.ItwasusedtodistinguishthechromosomesofOryzasativafromwildspeciesinaspontaneousinterspecifichybridandtoinvestigatethechromosomepairingatmetaphaseIinmeiosisofthehybridinthisstudy.Thehybridwasatriploidwith36chromosomesaccordingtothechromosomenumberinvestigatedinmitosisofroottips.DuringmetaphaseIofmeiosisinthehybrid,lesschromosomepairingwasobservedandmostofthechromosomesexistedasunivalent.BasedonGISHandFISH(Fluorescentinsituhybridization)analyses,thechromosomesofthehybridwerecomposedofgenomesA,BandC.Thus,itwasbelievedthatthehybridwastheresultofnaturalhybridizationbetweencultivatedriceandwildspeciesO.minutawhichwasplantedinexperimentalfields.

简介：以便揭示在二CCDD染色体种，Oryzaalta和Oryzalatifolia之间的起源和进化关系，在situ杂交(鱼)的荧光被采用从O与C0t-1DNA分析二种的染色体。alta作为一根探针。Karyotype比较地也在O之间被分析。alta和O。latifolia基于他们杂交的类似的乐队模式发信号。在O之间有高相同和靠近的关系。alta和O。然而，在杂交之间的区别表明的latifolia也是清楚的。C0t-1DNA被证明是种类--并且染色体类型特定。C0t-1DNA鱼能是更有效的分析在不同种类之间的genomic关系，这被建议。根据在二allotetraploidy种之间的高度并且中等重复的DNA序列的比较分析，O。alta和O。latifolia，可能的起源和Oryza的allotetraploidy的进化机制被讨论。

简介：许多米饭点叶(系统程序设计语言)异种是为理解在植物涉及强风抵抗，细菌的老家抵抗和规划房间死亡的机制的理想的来源。在米饭的50点叶异种的基因控制被描绘了，一些点叶基因也被孤立。这篇文章考察为他们的显型，和他们对主要米饭疾病的抵抗回答负责的点叶基因的起源，基因模式，隔离和描述。

简介：WedescribedtheconstructionofBACcontigsofthegenomeofaindicavarietyofOryzasativa.GuangLuAi4.Anentirerepresentative(Sixfoldcoverageofricechromosomes)andgeneticallystableBAClibraryofricegenomeconstructedinthislabhasbeensystematicallyanalysedbyrestrictionenzymefragmentationandpolyacrylamidegelelectrophoresis.Andalltheimagesthusobtainedweresubjecttoimage-processing,whichconsistedofpreliminarylocationofbands,cooperativetrackingoflanesbycorrelationofadjacentbads.aprecisedensitometricpass,alignmentatthemarkerbandswiththestandard,optionalinteractiveediting,andnormalizationoftheacceptedbands.ThecontigsweregeneratedbasedontheComputerSoftwarespeciallydesignedforgenomemapping.Thenumberofcontigswith600kbinlengthonaveragewas464.ofcontigswith1000kbinlengthonaveragewas107;ofcontigswith1500kbinlengthonaveragewasConstructionofOryzaSativagenomecontigs.23.Therefor,allthecontigswehaveobtainedampuntedupto420megabasesinlength.Consideringthesizeofricegenome(430megabased),thecontigsgeneratedinthislabhavecoverednearly98%ofthericegenome.Wearenowintheprocessofmappingthecontigstochromosomes.

简介：在大多数谷物庄稼，phytic酸是磷的主要存储形式，它能减少磷酸盐的简历可获得性。phytase的转基因的表示被认为是在转基因的植物免除磷酸盐phytate的一个有效方法。在这研究，工厂表示向量，包含重组体phytase基因由玉米ubiquitin(Ubi)开车倡导者经由Agrobacterium-mediatedtransformation被构造并且介绍进一个精英米饭变化。在实验期间，15根独立转基因的米饭线的一个总数被改革。PCR和南部的污点的结果显示目标基因集成于转基因的米饭工厂的染色体。而且，提取fromtheimmature几根转基因的线播种的全部的RNA的RT-PCR分析证明重组体phytase基因能通常被表示。无机的磷内容，两个都比在untransformed野生型在转基因的工厂在成熟种子和叶是显著地更高的。

简介：生物信息的途径补充了试验性的努力到inventorize植物miRNA目标。我们执行了产生通常认为的miRNA的一张全面的表的transcriptome指向的米饭(Oryzasativa)的全球计算分析。我们的预言(684个唯一的抄本)证明米饭miRNAs调停包括抄写(41%)的多样的功能的规定，催化作用(28%)，绑定(18%)，和transporter活动(11%)。在预言的目标之中，61.7%点击在编码区域，将近72%目标让独居的miRNA撞击。学习预言了通常认为地调整象压力反应，催化作用，和绑定一样的函数的34miRNAs的超过70个新奇目标。非常，目标的一半(55%)在O之间被保存，这被观察。sativaindica和O。sativa装饰用的梨树。31个miRNA家庭的成员被发现拥有在米饭之间并且至少的保存目标另外的草家庭成员之一。大约44%唯一的目标在二个不一样的miRNA预言算法之间是普通的。跨种类的保存和算法的一致的如此的程度在在这研究预言的米饭miRNA目标的表授与信心。

简介：Toobtainasuitableconditionforelectroporationtransformationinindicarice,the10-day-oldimmatureembryoswereselectedforoptimizationexperiments.Theresultsshowedthatonepulseat850V/cm,950μFcapacitance,200μLelectroporationbufferwith70mmol/Lsodiumglutamate,100μg/mLplasmid,50μg/mLcarrierDNA,20embryospercuvette,0°CtreatmentandCCmediumwerethebestparameters,whichnotonlyimprovedthetransformationefficiencyto30.89%,butalsoamelioratedtheembryosurvivalratioto95.92%.Tofurtherverifythepracticabilityofthiscondition,theembryosfromanotherindicaricevarietyandaricetypeIImetallothionein-likegene(OsMT2bL)promoter::mgfp5::gusAconstructweretested,andspecificGUSexpressionontheembryoswasvisualizedbyhistochemicalstaining.TheresultsshowedthattheGUSexpressionontheembryosactivatedbytheOsMT2bLpromoterwasmainlyconcentratedontheapicalpointoftheplumulewhereastheexpressiondrivenbyCaMV35Spromoterwasdistributedonnearlyallareasoftheelectroporatedtissues.Theseresultsindicatedthattheoptimizedembryoelectroporationconditionscouldbeusednotonlyingenetictransformationofindicaricebutalsoinassayofgeneregulationonembryos.

简介：Asimplemethodtocreateachromosome-specificDNAlibrqaryofrice,includingmicrodissection,amplification,charterizationandcloning,isdescribed.Ricechromosome4fromametaphasecellhasbeenisolatedandamplifiedbytheLinkerAdapterPCR(LA-PCR).ThePCRproductswerelabeledasprobeswithDIG-11-dUTPusingtherandomprimingmethod.SouthernblotanalysiswithricegenomicDNAandspecificRFLPmarkersdemonstratedthatthePCRproductswerederivedfromricechromosome4.Alargelibrarycomprisingover100,000recombinantplasmidmicroclonesfromricechromosome4wasconstructed.Colonyhybridizationshowedthat58%oftheclonescontainedsingleorlow-copysequencesand42%containedrepetitivesequences.ThesizeofinsertsgeneratedbyPCRrangedfrom140bpto500bp.ThismethodwillfacilitatecloningofthespecificchromosomeDNAmarkersandimportantgenesofrice.

简介：ToinvestigategeneticdiversitiesamongtheAAgenomeOryzaspeciesintheSoutheastandSouthAsia,atotalof428accessionsoftheAAgenomeOryzaspeciesweregenotypedusing36simplesequencerepeats(SSR)markersdistributedthroughoutthericegenome.Allofthe36SSRmarkersgeneratedpolymorphicbands,revealing100%polymorphism.Thenumberofallelesperlocusrangedfrom3to17withthemeanof8.6.TheNei’sgeneticdiversityindex(He)rangedfrom0.337atRM455to0.865atRM169withanaveragevalueof0.650.ThegeneticdiversityoftheAAgenomeOryzaspeciesintheSoutheastAsiawasobviouslyhigherthanthatintheSouthAsia.AmongthedetectedOryzaspeciesintheSouthandSoutheastAsia,O.rufipogonshowedthehighestgeneticdiversity.Meanwhile,ahighergeneticdifferentiation(Fst)wasfoundamongthedetectedOryzaspeciesintheSoutheastAsiathanintheSouthAsia.TheFstvaluebetweenO.nivaraandO.sativawasthehighest.Theresultsfromthenumberofspecificalleles,specificloci,andallelefrequencyconfirmedthegreatergeneticvariationamongthedetectedspecies.Inaddition,thespecificalleleinRM161displayedhigherfrequency(0.193),suggestingitsimportantfunctioninidentifyingOryzaspeciesofAAgenome.

简介：Potexperimentswereconductedin2002and2003toinvestigatetheeffectsofsoilcopper(Cu)concentrationongrowth,developmentandyieldformationofricebyusingthejaponicacultivarWuxiangjing14andhybridricecombinationShanyou63.Theplantheight,leafnumber,elongatedinternodenumberandheadingdateofriceplantswerenotaffectedatsoilCulevelsbelow200mg/kg,butaffectedsignificantlyatabove400mg/kg.TheinhibitoryeffectsonricegrowthanddevelopmentwereincreasedwiththeincrementofsoilCulevels.ThegrainyieldsdecreasedsignificantlywithraisingsoilCulevels.ThemainreasonsforthegrainyieldreductionsunderlowersoilCulevels(100,200mg/kg)weremainlyduetothedecreaseofnumberofspikeletsperpanicle,however,underhighersoilCulevels(morethan400mg/kg),bothpaniclenumberandnumberofspikeletsperpaniclecontributedtotheyieldloss.ThedecreasesofpaniclenumberbyCustressweremainlyattributedtoslowrecoveryfromtransplanting,delayedtilleringandreducedmaximumtillernumbers.ThereductionofnumberofspikeletsperpanicleundersoilGustressresultedfromthedecreasesofbothshootdryweight(SDW)attheheadingdateandtheratioofspikeletstoSDW.TotalbiomassatmaturitydecreasedsignificantlywiththeincreaseofsoilCulevels,whileeconomiccoefficientshowednon-significantdecreaseexceptundersoilCulevelsabove800mg/kg.

简介：Transposableelements(TEs)aremobilegeneticentitiesubiquitouslydistributedinnearlyallgenomes.HighfrequencyofcodonsendinginA/TinTEshasbeenpreviouslyobservedinsomespecies.Inthisstudy,thebiasesinnucleotidecompositionandcodonusageofTEtransposasesandhostnucleargeneswereinvestigatedintheAT-richgenomeofArabidopsisthalianaandtheGC-richgenomeofOryzasativa.CodonsendinginA/TaremorefrequentlyusedbyTEscomparedwiththeirhostnucleargenes.AremarkablepositivecorrelationbetweenhighlyexpressednucleargenesandC/G-endingcodonsweredetectedinO.sativa(r=0.944and0.839,respectively,P<0.0001)butnotinA.thaliana,indicatingacloseassociationbetweentheGCcontentandgeneexpressionlevelinmonocotspecies.Inbothspecies,TEcodonusagebiasesaresimilartothatofweaklyexpressedgenes.TheexpressionandactivityofTEsmaybestrictlycontrolledinplantgenomes.MutationbiasandselectionpressurehavesimultaneouslyactedontheTEevolutioninA.thalianaandO.sativa.TheconsistentlyobservedbiasesofnucleotidecompositionandcodonusageofTEsmayalsoprovideausefulcluetoaccuratelydetectTEsequencesindifferentspecies.

简介：Assessmentofgeneticdiversityisanessentialcomponentingermplasmcharacterizationandconservation.TherearethreewildricespeciesinHainanProvince,includingOryzarufipogonGriff.InordertodetectthegeneticdiversityofdifferentpopulationsofOryzarufipogoninHainan,ISSR(inter-simplesequencerepeat)andSSR(simplesequencerepeat)markerswereusedtoinvestigate180accessionsfromsixlocalitiesinHainan.FourteenISSRprimersamplified185alleleswith171(92.43%)polymorphic,thenumberofallelesrangedfrom8to17,withanaverageof13.14allelesperlocus.Thirty-eightpairsofSSRprimersusedinthisstudyamplified213alleleswith190(89.20%)polymorphic,thenumberofallelesrangedfrom2to14,withanaverageof5.66allelesperlocus.BothISSRandSSRanalysesrevealedahighlevelofgeneticdiversityinthewildpopulations.ThepopulationwiththehighestgeneticdiversityisWanning(WN),andthepopulationwithlowestgeneticdiversityisWenchang(WC).TheresultsofaUPGMAclusterusingtheNTSYSprogramshowedthateachpopulationhasalowdegreeofgeneticdifferentiation.Furthermore,theManteltestrevealedthatthegeneticsimilaritiesdetectedbyISSRandSSRweresignificantlycorrelated(r=0.8634,t=93.67)whendetectinggeneticdiversityatthespecieslevel.ThetwomolecularmarkersystemswereabletodeterminethegeneticdiversityamongOryzarufipogon,andthetwogroupsofindexesobtainedbyusingthetwomarkershaveahighlevelofconsistency.

简介：Distributionsofpubescencesonleafbladeandhullinjaponicaricewereobservedunderanopticalmicroscope.NumbersofleafandhullpubescencesinP1,P2,F1,B1,B2andF2generationswereinvestigatedinthreecombinationsofjaponicarice(Sidao10A/Wuyujing3R,Wuyujing3A/Sidao10RandLiuyan189A/HR-122),andgeneticanalysisforthesetwotraitswereconductedbyusingthejointanalysismethodofP1,P2,F1,B1,B2andF2generationswiththemixedmajorgenepluspolygeneinheritancemodels.Leafpubescencescharacterizedbyswollenbaseandfinetipdistributedregularlyontheboundarybetweendarkgreenstripeandlightgreenstripeofleafblade.Hullpubescenceswithvariouslengthsdistributedirregularlyonthewholehull.NumbersofleafpubescencesinthereciprocalcombinationsofSidao10A/Wuyujing3RandWuyujing3A/Sidao10Randnumbersofhullpubescencesinallthethreecombinationswerecontrolledbyonepairofadditivemajorgenesplusadditive-dominantpolygenes.InthecombinationofLiuyan189A/HR-122,numberofleafpubescenceswascontrolledbyonepairofadditive-dominantmajorgenesplusadditive-dominantpolygenes.Bothnumbersofleafandhullpubescencesweremainlygovernedbymajorgenes.

简介：TounderstandthewildOryzagenomeeffectonphotosynthesisanditsrelationtototaldrymatteraccumulationinanelitericevariety,asetof40stableintrogressionlines(ILs)BC3F8derivedfromacrossofOryzasativa(KMR3)×Oryzarufipogon(WR120)weregrownunderwellwateredconditions.Leafgasexchangemeasurementsandleafchlorophyllestimateswereconductedatthefloweringstage.Theresultsrevealedsignificantvariationsinnetphotosyntheticrate(Pn),transpirationrate(E),transpirationefficiency(Pn/E)andcarboxylationefficiency(Pn/Ci).PnshowedsignificantpositivecorrelationwithE,stomatalconductance(gs),Pn/Ciandtotalcanopydrymatter.SpecificleafareaandleafthicknesswerenotsignificantlycorrelatedwithPn.Thirty-sevenoutof40ILsshowedhigherPnthanKMR3[11.28μmol/(m2·s)],and20ILsshowedhigherPnthanWR120[15.08μmol/(m2·s)].ThelineIL194showedthehighestPn[21.62μmol/(m2·s)]withincreasedtotalcanopydrymatterfollowedbylinesIL381,IL106,IL363-12,IL198,IL86-18andIL50,whichexhibitedPnabove18.0μmol/(m2·s).TheILswithenhancedPnareapotentialsourcefordevelopingricevarietiesandhybridswithhigherbiomassandyield.

简介：Thisstudywasconductedtodevelopandcharacterizeanovelcytoplasmicmalesterile(CMS)sourcewhichwasidentifiedfromDongxiangwildrice(Oryzarufipogon)bycrossingDongxiangwildriceasfemalewithZhongzao35,anindicainbredvariety,asmaleandcontinuousbackcrossingwithZhongzao35.ObservationunderopticalmicroscopemanifestedthatthisnovelCMSbelongedtotypicalabortiontypewithlesspollencomparedwithwildabortivetypecytoplasm(CMS-WA).SequentialplantingshowedthatthisnovelCMShascompleteandstablemalesterility.Testcrossexperimentshowedthatallthe24testedmaterialsincludingmaintainerandrestorerlinesofCMS-WAandHongliantypecytoplasm(CMS-HL)andotherindicainbredvarietiesarethemaintainerswithcompletemaintainingability,suggestingthatthisnovelCMShasfertilityrestorationtotallydifferentfromCMS-WAandCMS-HLandbelongstoanoveltypeofCMS.Sofar,weonlydiscoveredauniquefertilityrestorationsourceforthisnovelCMS.InheritanceanalysisshowedthatthefertilityrestorationofthisCMSwasgovernedbythreepairsofindependentdominantgenes.ProspectforapplicationofthisnovelCMSsysteminhybridricebreedingwasalsodiscussed.

简介：PhysiologicalindicesrelatedtoPSⅡphotochemicalefficiency(Fv/Fm)andmembranelipidperoxidationweremeasuredinleavesofindicaricecvShanyou63andjaponicarice9516atdifferenttemperaturesandlightintensitiesforfourdays.NoobviouschangesinFv/FmandMDAwereobservedinbothindicaandjaponicariceatmoderatetemperatureandmediumPFD,implyingneitherphotoinhibitionnorphotooxidationhappenedinthesecases.InindicariceeitheratmediumtemperaturewithhigherPFDoratlowertemperaturewithmediumPFDFv/FmdroppedobviouslywithnochangesinMDAcontents,andphotoinhibitionappearedwhilephotooxidationdidnotoccur.However,D1protein,Fv/Fm,(A+Z)/(A+Z+V),andSODactivitiesdropped,andO2^-productionandMDAcontentincreasedaccordingly,aswellasbothphotoinhibitionandphotooxidationappearedintworicevarietiesatlowertemperatureandhigherPFD.ExperimentwithinhibitorsatlowertemperatureandhigherPFDshowedthatascomparedwithjaponicaricethedecrementsappearedinD1proteincontents,SODactivities,and(A+Z)/(A+Z+V)ratios,thexanthophyllcycleandnon-photochemicalquench(qN)wereinhibitedinamoredegree,aswellasincrementsofMDAcontentweregreater,thusexhibitingmoredistinctphotoinhibitionandphotooxidationinindicarice.ItissuggestedthatFv/FmandmembranelipidperoxidationproductMDAwerethekeyindicestopredictanddiagnosephotooxidation

简介：Tworicevarieties,Xiushui110withhighcadmium(Cd)toleranceandXiushui11withlowCdtolerancewereusedtostudytheeffectsofCdstressonseedgermination,seedlinggrowthandamylaseactivities.Thelowcadmiumconcentrationhadlittleeffectonseedgerminationrate.However,cadmiumstresscouldsignificantlyinhibitplumuleandradiclegrowth,especiallyforradiclegrowth.Germinationindex,vigourindex,radiclelengthandamylaseactivitiesofXiushui11decreasedmoresignificantlywiththeincreasingcadmiumlevelcomparedwithXiushui110.ThecadmiumcontentinseedlingsofXiushui11washigherthanthatinXiushui110whenthecadmiumconcentrationexceeded5μmol/L,whichcausedlowermitoticindexinroottipsandamylaseactivities,andmoreseriouscadmiumtoxicityinXiushui11.

简介：叶颜色变化是变化的一个广泛地观察的类，起在叶绿素生合成的学习的一个重要作用并且种叶绿体结构，功能，遗传和开发。自然地发生的叶颜色米饭异种，Baihuaidao7，被分析。变异的植物典型地展出了green-white-green叶颜色前进，但是这显型仅仅面对象移植那样的机械苛责导致的一个压力信号被表示。在白叶子，变异的植物生长，叶颜色，叶绿素内容，和叶绿体的外观以前，超微结构看起来与野类型的那些相同。在到白叶颜色的转换以后，变异的叶子的考试在全部的叶绿素揭示了减少，叶绿素一，叶绿素b，和类胡萝卜素内容，在叶绿体grana薄片和grana的数字的减小，和thylakoid薄片的渐渐的降级。在成熟，变异的植物与野类型的植物相比被变白并且相形见绌。基因分析显示叶异种特性被后退的原子基因控制。变异的基因的基因印射用从Baihuaidao7栠灡导出的一张F2人口被执行吗？

简介：Grainyieldandheadingdatearekeyfactorsdeterminingthecommercialpotentialofaricevariety.Mappingofquantitativetraitloci(QTLs)inricehasbeenadvancedfromprimarymappingtogenecloning,andheadingdateandyieldtraitshavealwaysattractedthegreatestattention.Inthisreview,genomicdistributionofQTLsforheadingdatedetectedinpopulationsderivedfromintra-specificcrossesofAsiancultivatedrice(Oryzasativa)wassummarized,andtheirrelationshipwiththegeneticcontrolofyieldtraitswasanalyzed.TheinformationcouldbeusefulintheidentificationofQTLsforheadingdateandyieldtraitsthatarepromisingfortheimprovementofricevarieties.

简介：Theperformanceandinheritanceof7qualitytraitswerestudiedusingF2ricegrainderivedfrom8×8diallelcrossingmadebyemploying8parentsofdifferentecologicaljaponicaricetypes.Differencesineachtraitamong8parentswerenotobvious,butinF2generation,transgressivephenomenawerefoundinallthetraitsstudied,indicatingthatthegenescontrollingthesetraitsamongparentsweresegregated.Theinheritanceofgrainwidth,grainweight,chalkinessscore(CS),gelatinizationtemperature(GT)andgelconsistency(GC)weresuitabletoadditive-dominantmodel,anddominanteffectcontributedmainlyforthe5traits.Theinheritanceofgrainlength(GL)andamylosecontent(AC)didnotfitintoadditive-dominantmodel,existingepistaticinteractions.Dominantgenesforgrainwidthandgrainweighthadtheefficiencyofdecreasingeffect,anddominantgenesforCS,GTandGChadtheefficiencyofenhancingeffect.Koshihikaricontainedmorerecessivegenesforgelatinizationtemperaturethanothervarieties.Zhendao88hadmoredominantgenesingrainwidthandgrainweightthanothervarieties.Xiushui04possessedmoredominantgenesforGLandGC,andmorerecessivegenesforCSthanothervarieties.